huawei yönlendiricilerde slotlarda enerji kontrolü

huawei yönlendiriciler de kartlar sistem çalışırken çıkarıp – takılmayı teoride desteklese de olası riskleri minimize etmek adına kartları slotlara takıp çıkarmadan önce slotlardaki enerji açıp kapamak faydalı olacaktır. bunun için power komutunu kullanılabilir.

power on slot ?
    No slot is available


power off slot ?
  <1-2,5>  The available slot

alcatel – nokia omni switchlerde mac adres sınırı

tüm donanımlarda olduğu gibi alcatel – nokia omni switchlerin öğrenebileceği mac adresinde bir sınır var. mac move taşıma yapılan bir topoloji de çalıştırıyorsanız buna dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. 6850 de bu sınır 32K dır.

Troubleshooting dökümanların da konuyla ilgili olarak aşağıdaki ifadeler yer almaktadır.

“If the problems are associated with the source learning on a specific NI then the limitations of the Number of MAC addresses learned should also be considered. Current limitations are:

Number of learned MAC addresses per network interface (NI) module : 32K
Number of learned MAC addresses per switch : 64K

The OmniSwitch has a distributed architecture. Source Learning is specific to a NI.
Each NI has a layer 2 pseudo-cam which is which can hold 64K entries.
32K entries are reserved for L2 Source Addresses which are local to that NI in L2SA table and the rest of 32K entries are reserved for L2 Destination Addresses which can be from local or remote NI in L2DA table.”

switch üzerinde öğrenilen mac adresi sayısını öğrenmek istiyorsanız

show mac-address-table count

komutunu kullanabilirsiniz.

VoIP – Per Call Bandwidth

Codec Information Bandwidth Calculations
Codec & Bit Rate (Kbps) Codec Sample Size (Bytes) Codec Sample Interval (ms) Mean Opinion Score (MOS) Voice Payload Size (Bytes) Voice Payload Size (ms) Packets Per Second (PPS) Bandwidth MP or FRF.12 (Kbps) Bandwidth w/cRTP MP or FRF.12 (Kbps) Bandwidth Ethernet (Kbps)
G.711 (64 Kbps) 80 Bytes 10 ms 4.1 160 Bytes 20 ms 50 82.8 Kbps 67.6 Kbps 87.2 Kbps
G.729 (8 Kbps) 10 Bytes 10 ms 3.92 20 Bytes 20 ms 50 26.8 Kbps 11.6 Kbps 31.2 Kbps
G.723.1 (6.3 Kbps) 24 Bytes 30 ms 3.9 24 Bytes 30 ms 33.3 18.9 Kbps 8.8 Kbps 21.9 Kbps
G.723.1 (5.3 Kbps) 20 Bytes 30 ms 3.8 20 Bytes 30 ms 33.3 17.9 Kbps 7.7 Kbps 20.8 Kbps
G.726 (32 Kbps) 20 Bytes 5 ms 3.85 80 Bytes 20 ms 50 50.8 Kbps 35.6 Kbps 55.2 Kbps
G.726 (24 Kbps) 15 Bytes 5 ms 20 ms 50 42.8 Kbps 27.6 Kbps 47.2 Kbps
G.728 (16 Kbps) 10 Bytes 5 ms 3.61 60 Bytes 30 ms 33.3 28.5 Kbps 18.4 Kbps 31.5 Kbps
G722_64k (64 Kbps) 80 Bytes 10 ms 4.13 160 Bytes 20 ms 50 82.8 Kbps 67.6 Kbps 87.2 Kbps
ilbc_mode_20 (15.2Kbps) 38 Bytes 20 ms NA 38 Bytes 20 ms 50 34.0 Kbps 18.8 Kbps 38.4 Kbps
ilbc_mode_30 (13.33Kbps) 50 Bytes 30 ms NA 50 Bytes 30 ms 33.3 25.867 Kbps 15.73 Kbps 28.8 Kbps

 

  • 40 bytes for IP (20 bytes) / User Datagram Protocol (UDP) (8 bytes) / Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) (12 bytes) headers.
  • Compressed Real-Time Protocol (cRTP) reduces the IP/UDP/RTP headers to 2 or 4 bytes (cRTP is not available over Ethernet).
  • 6 bytes for Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (MP) or Frame Relay Forum (FRF).12 Layer 2 (L2) header.
  • 1 byte for the end-of-frame flag on MP and Frame Relay frames.
  • 18 bytes for Ethernet L2 headers, which include 4 bytes of Frame Check Sequence (FCS) or Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

Bandwidth Calculation Formulas

  • Total packet size = (L2 header: MP or FRF.12 or Ethernet) + (IP/UDP/RTP header) + (voice payload size)
  • PPS = (codec bit rate) / (voice payload size)
  • Bandwidth = total packet size * PPS

 

kaynak : ciscı

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